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International Maritime Conventions Volume I: The Carriage of Goods and Passengers by Sea

INDEX

INDEX

  • abordage” xiv, 263
  • accidents of the sea 2930, 33
  • acte de Dieu33; see also act of God
  • act of God 33, 178
  • act of public enemies 34
  • act of war 334, 178, 264, 386, 408; see also war
  • actual carrier 76, 91, 321, 325; servants or agents of 856
  • adminstration28; see also management
  • advance payment 401, 4045
  • adverse weather conditions 301
  • agents of the carrier: Athens Convention 2745; Hague–Visby Rules 467, 64; Hamburg Rules 823, 85, 878; Rotterdam Rules 13940
  • Andrea Doria 268
  • arbitration 91, 95, 96, 97, 142, 2423, 331, 361; and non-liner transportation 244, 362; and volume contracts 243; Hamburg Rules 947, 99, 331; Rotterdam Rules 130, 2414, 3613
  • Arbitration Act 1996 95
  • armed conflict 1789
  • armer22
  • arrest: Hague–Visby Rules 345; of princes, rulers or people 345, 179180; of ships xvi, 96; Rotterdam Rules 17980, 2401, 360
  • Arrest Convention 1952 93, 118, 261, 282
  • Arrest Convention 1999 xv, 934, 118, 261, 282
  • “arrêt” 35; see also arrest
  • assistance et sauvetage” xiv; see also salvage
  • Association for the Reform and Codification of the Law of Nations 49
  • Athens Convention relating to Carriage of Passengers and their Luggage by Sea 1974 xv, 62, 63, 64, 71, 99, 113, 25993, 377431; and LLMC convention 290; application 2601, 386, 408; burden of proof 259, 263, 2657, 275, 2801, 286; compulsory insurance 27580, 3879, 41012, 419; declaration of non-application 261, 394; final clauses 3948; Institute Cyber Attack Exclusion Clause 423; Institute Radioactive Contamination, Chemical, Biological, Bio-chemical and Electromagnetic Exclusion Clause 423; invalidity of contractual provisions 2856, 3934, 416; jurisdiction 2814, 393; liability of the carrier 3628, 3867, 4089; limits of liability 261, 26874, 390, 391, 392, 41213; mandatory character 275; notice of loss or damage to luggage 2801, 415; period of application 262; period of responsibility 262; Protocol of 2002 276, 286, 2913; recognition and enforcement of judgments 2845, 393; timebar for actions 281, 3923, 415; travaux préparatoires 279; see also EU Regulation (EC) No 392/2009; IMO Reservation and Guidelines for Implementation of the Athens Convention
  • Atkin, Lord 44n164
  • Australian Sea Carriage of Goods Act 1904 36, 42, 52
  • bailment 33, 82, 90, 165
  • Baltic and International Maritime Council (BIMCO) 119
  • bâtiment13; see also ship
  • Beare, Stuart 102, 103
  • Beaufort Scale 301
  • Bergen Sisar 163
  • bill of lading: combined transport 119; contents 79; evidentiary effect 7980; Hague–Visby Rules 512, 1416, 456, 534; Hamburg Rules 7880, 90, 94, 98, 3212, 3268; marine 138; on-board 152; received for shipment 10, 14, 53, 78, 149, 152, 154; reservations 7980; Rotterdam Rules 118, 119, 138, 1445, 149, 152, 154, 156, 213n337, 214, 215, 220n346, 221; shipped 14, 78, 302, 316, 3278; transfer of 118
  • Bills of Landing Convention xiv
  • Bingham, Lord 10
  • “blind eye knowledge” doctrine 678
  • Blue Cards 4256
  • “breach” 199
  • British Federation of Traders’ Association 42, 43
  • British Maritime Law Association 19, 46n172
  • Brussels Convention 1924 xvii, 88n24, 99, 119, 174, 244
  • Budapest Convention on the Contract for the Carriage of Goods by Inland Waterway (CMNI) 2000 1268, 130, 138, 169
  • Bunker Oil Convention 2001 xvi, 264
  • burden of proof: Athens Convention 2657; Hague–Visby Rules 267, 32, 42, 62, 6970; Hamburg Rules 823, 90; phases of 1737; Rotterdam Rules 125, 126, 1727, 199, 202
  • fair opportunity doctrine 54
  • fait de prince35
  • fait et faute29
  • fait ou faute29
  • fragile goods 40
  • fault 66, 2656: as basis of liability 26, 27, 29, 814, 2657; contributory 267, 390, 412; of the carrier 22, 29, 412, 66, 181, 303, 317
  • faute inexcusable66
  • faute intentionnelle280
  • faute ou negligence49, 265; see also fault; neglect
  • faute personnelle66; see also fault; privity
  • ferry traffic 132, 137
  • FIO(S) clauses 1678, 202
  • fire 29, 823, 176, 181, 2634
  • f.o.b. seller 141, 147, 202
  • fonctions274
  • force majeure32, 33
  • fortune de mer30; see also perils of the sea
  • France 65, 144
  • freedom of contract 1301
  • freight 338
  • freight ad valorem 61
  • “freight prepaid” clause 1612, 351
  • freight unit 56
  • freinte de route39
  • Fund Convention 1971 xv
  • Hague Conference 1921 15, 29, 30, 33, 34, 369, 43, 52, 55, 70
  • Hague Rules xv, 72, 2445, 294306; acts of omission 36; bill of lading 6; contract of carriage 9; deviation to save life or property 43, 44; implementation 75; language 45; liability of the carrier 45, 46; limits of liability 53, 55, 61, 229; notice of loss or damage 689; riots and civil commotions 38; scope of application 119; seizure under legal process 35; States Parties 4, 99100; strikes or lockouts 37; see also International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Law Relating to Bills of Lading 1924 (Hague–Visby Rules)
  • Hague–Visby Rules see International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Law Relating to Bills of Lading 1924
  • Hamburg Rules see United Nations Convention on the Carriage of Goods by Sea 1978
  • Harter Act 17, 18, 23, 30, 34, 39, 42, 52
  • Hill, Sir Norman 16, 17, 20n73, 34, 367, 41
  • holder 337
  • hostile act 179
  • hostilities 1789
  • hull insurance 30
  • hundredweight 55
  • ILA Maritime Law Committee 52
  • IMCO xiv, xvn3
  • IMDG Code 50, 201, 202
  • Immunity Convention 1926 xvi, 13n43
  • IMO 18, 2734, 284
  • IMO Reservation and Guidelines 2645, 269, 276, 277, 2869, 2912, 4202
  • inadequacy 182; of marks 40
  • independent contractors 19, 467, 878, 139, 140n115, 186, 2745
  • inevitable accidents 33
  • inexactitudes49; see also innacuracies
  • inherent defects 39
  • injury 2626, 269, 277, 287, 390, 399, 412, 419, 4267
  • inland waterways 122, 125, 128, 134, 138
  • inaccuracies 45, 49, 79
  • insufficiency: of marking 40, 182; of packing 3940, 182
  • insuffisance182; see also insufficiency
  • insurance 27580, 3879, 41012, 419; action against insurer 27980; amount of security 276; certificates 2789, 419, 4257; IMO Reservation and Guidelines 2868; nature of security 276, 278; obligation to provide 277; ships owned by State Parties 280
  • Intergovernmental Organization for International Carriage by Rail (OTIF) 138
  • International Association of Ports and Harbours (IAPH) 102
  • international carriage 292, 386, 408
  • International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) 97, 102, 119
  • International Chamber of Shipping (ICS) 102
  • International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Law Relating to Bills of Lading 1924 (Hague–Visby Rules) 373, 294320; bill of lading 512, 1416, 456, 534; contract of carriage 814; implementation 73; liability of the carrier 1748, 62; liability of the shipper 4951; limits of liability 5268; mandatory nature 723; notice of loss or damage 6870; origin 34; period of application 1314; scope of application 514; SDR Protocol 1979 4, 52, 5960, 272, 31214; States Parties 4; time for suit 712; transport documents 1416; Visby Protocol 1968 xvi, 5, 6, 16, 52, 55, 61, 71, 268, 30711
  • international conventions xvi–xvii
  • International Federation of Freight Forwarders Associations (FIATA) 102
  • International Monetary Fund (IMF) 5960, 233
  • International Union of Marine Insurance (IUMI) 102
  • ISM Code 18, 23, 26
  • Italian Civil Code 111n40
  • Italian Code of Navigation xvii, 54, 146
  • Italy 16, 46n170, 54, 144
  • Joint Intergovernmental Group of Experts on Maritime Liens and Mortgages and Related Subjects (JIGE) xvn4
  • judicial proceedings 86, 91, 92, 129, 235, 239, 242, 271, 330, 359, 360
  • jurisdiction: actions against maritime performing parties 23940, 360; actions against the carrier 2357; Athens Convention 2814, 393; choice of court agreements 2379, 360; consolidation of actions 23940, 361; Hamburg Rules 924, 99, 330; provisional and protective measures 2401, 360; recognition and enforcement 241, 361; removal of actions 240, 361; Rotterdam Rules 129, 23541, 35961
  • Keith of Avonholm, Lord 20
  • machinery 56
  • Macmillan, Lord xvii
  • management 28, 65
  • Mansfield, Lord 33, 38
  • marchandises69, 112, 294; see also goods
  • marine bill of lading 138
  • Marine Insurance Act 1906 44
  • marine pollutants 50; see also pollution
  • Marion 65
  • Maritime Arbitration Commission of Beijing 96
  • Maritime Arbitration Commission of the Moscow Chamber of Commerce and Industry 96
  • maritime lien 26
  • maritime performing parties 1868, 337, 3434; actions against 23940, 360
  • marks 40
  • Maxine Footwear case 20
  • mercancias112; see also goods
  • Merchant Shipping Act 1894 64
  • MLM Convention 1926 xvi, 26
  • MLM Convention 1993 xv
  • mobility equipment 402, 404
  • Model Law on Acts of Piracy and Maritime Violence 179
  • Model Law on Electronic Commerce 142
  • Model Law on Electronic Signatures 142
  • monetary units 589
  • Montreal Convention 1999 47, 125, 127, 130, 131, 132, 134, 1356, 170, 206
  • multimodal transport 11920
  • Muncaster Castle 19, 20
  • National and International Arbitration Chamber in Milano 97
  • National Association for the Promotion of Social Science xiv
  • national laws 1234
  • natural accidents 33; see also acts of God
  • nature spéciale39
  • navire13, 294; see also ship
  • navires de mer13
  • neglect 2656
  • neminem laedere202
  • non-liner transportation 11718, 337; arbitration agreement 244, 362
  • nuclear damage 261, 365, 394, 416
  • nuclear incidents 99
  • obligations of the carrier: Hague-Visby Rules 1725, 72; Rotterdam Rules 123, 128, 16471, 181, 203, 211, 247, 3412; see also carrier; liability of the carrier
  • obligations of the shipper 193205, 3468; carriage and delivery 164, 1935, 346; cooperation with the carrier 203, 346; persons sharing 1401; providing information, instruction and documents 1958, 346
  • Ocean Liner Service Agreements (OLSAs) 2467, 251
  • Ocean Shipping Reform Act 1998 246
  • overriding obligation 202
  • package 557, 61; see also packing
  • packing: absence of 40; insufficiency 3940; see also package
  • pallets 58, 77, 160
  • Paris Convention 1960 99, 332
  • particulars 1478, 198
  • passengers 385, 405, 407
  • Passengers’ Luggage Convention, 1967 282
  • Penal Jurisdiction Convention 1952 xvi, 263
  • Pennsylvania 65
  • performing carrier 268, 385, 387, 407, 409
  • performing parties 13940, 186, 337; see also maritime performing parties
  • perils of the sea: and acts of God 33; liability of the carrier 2932, 176; unavoidability 312; unforeseeability 312
  • permanent residence 2823
  • Phillimore, Lord 34, 41, 70
  • Phillips, Lord 63, 64
  • piracy 34, 113, 1789
  • place of business 2823
  • place of destination 113
  • poids brut57
  • Poincaré francs 59, 60, 259, 2689
  • pollution xvi, 2756; see also marine pollutants
  • port-to-port contract 24, 110, 1489, 1512, 154, 156, 1667, 197, 243
  • pound sterling 589
  • practice of the trade 1457
  • pratique du commerce146; see also practice of the trade
  • préposé46, 88, 274; see also agents of the carrier; servants of the carrier
  • preposés et mandataires88, 275; see also independent contractors
  • prescription 2278
  • prima facie evidence 16, 23, 25, 54, 6970, 78, 80, 90, 156, 202
  • princes 345
  • principal établissement282, 283; see also principal place of business
  • principal place of business 99, 129, 130, 236, 2823
  • privity 22, 29, 412, 66, 181, 303, 317
  • prominent information 253
  • proper shipping name (PSN) 201
  • “properly” 22, 23, 24
  • Protocol to Amend the International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Law Relating to Bills of Lading (Visby Rules) 30711
  • public authorities 17980
  • qualification 156
  • quality 39
  • quarantine restrictions 36, 17980
  • railway carriage 7, 123, 134, 1378
  • reasonability 159, 197; of deviation to save life or property 43, 45; of goods inspection 1501; see also reasonableness
  • reasonableness 197, 210; see also reasonability
  • réception des marchandises69
  • reckless action 67
  • recklessness 64, 67
  • Regional Economic Integration Organizations 396
  • Report of the Imperial Shipping Committee 52
  • reservation 156, 158
  • residence habituelle 282; see also permanent residence
  • restraint: of labour 367, 1801; of princes, rulers or people 345
  • revolution 33
  • right of control 129, 2057, 337; exercise of 209; period of existence of 2078; transfer of 2089; see also controlling party
  • riots 378, 1789
  • Rix, LJ 179
  • road carriage 124, 134, 1367
  • road haulier 124
  • Rotterdam Rules see United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Carriage of Goods Wholly or Partly by Sea 2008
  • rulers 345, 17980
  • saisie éxécution35
  • saisie judiciaire35; see also seizure under legal process
  • salvage xiv, 389, 42, 182
  • Salvage Convention 1910 xv
  • Salvage Convention 1989 xv, 182
  • saving life 389, 83
  • saving property 389, 83, 182
  • Scott, Sir Leslie 11, 16n54, 27, 69
  • SDR Protocol 1979 4, 52, 5960, 272, 31214
  • SDR see Special Drawing Right
  • seawater damage 19
  • sea waybill 9, 75, 144
  • seaworthiness 15, 17, 1822, 32
  • seizure under legal process 356, 17980
  • servants of the carrier: Athens Convention 2745; Hague–Visby Rulers 467, 64; Hamburg Rules 823, 85, 878; Rotterdam Rules 13940
  • ship 13, 301, 315, 338, 385, 407; action against 26; defect in 264; equipment 223; Hague–Visby Rules 13, 1723, 32; inspections and surveys 1920; manning 223; obligations relating to 1723; owned by States Parties 280; parts carrying goods 23; size of 32; supply of 223; see also seaworthiness
  • shipper 321, 337; act of omission by 181; documentary 138, 1401, 1468, 181, 2023, 337; guarantees by 801, 3289; information to be furnished by 1489; persons performing services for 142; persons sharing obligations of 1401; see also liability of the shipper; obligations of the shipper
  • Shipping Act 1984 246
  • shipping incident 2635
  • shipwreck 263
  • siège de son activité283; see also place of business
  • Singapore Conference 103
  • slot charters 116, 118
  • Society of Maritime Arbitrators of New York 96
  • SOLAS 18, 19
  • Sous-Commission 9n22, 10n32, 11, 12n38, 15n48, 17n60, 27n93, 29, 69
  • space charters 116, 118
  • Special Drawing Right (SDR) 5960, 86, 124, 125, 229, 233, 262, 263, 264, 265, 26873, 277, 279, 287, 289, 2901
  • STCW Convention 23
  • Steyn, Lord 10
  • Stockholm Conference 7, 19, 53, 56, 59, 56
  • stoppages of labour 367, 1801
  • strikes 367, 1801
  • SUA Convention 1988 179
  • “supplement” 137
  • Sweden 196, 197, 230
  • tariffs 54
  • téméraire 67”; see also reckless action
  • témérairement66
  • terrorism 34, 1789, 286
  • through carriage 86, 326
  • time for suit 712, 912, 127, 2278, 3589
  • Tokyo Conference 1969 120
  • tonnage agreements 75
  • Torrey Canyon xiv
  • tramp trade 116, 244n398
  • transport de marchandises294; see also “carriage of goods”
  • transport documents 1445; and delivery of the goods 21423; contents 1516, 14762; contract particulars 1567, 347, 348, 3501; electronic equivalent 103; evidentiary effect 16; “freight prepaid” clause 1612, 351; Hague–Visby Rules 1416; Hamburg Rules 7881; information to be furnished by the shipper 1489; information to be supplied by the carrier 14952; issuance of 1415, 1457, 348; negotiable 147, 152, 1623, 215, 21923, 337, 3524; non-negotiable 143, 147, 157, 184, 208, 209, 21516, 21819, 337, 352; principle of equivalence with electronic communications 1423; Rotterdam Rules 128, 14262, 208, 21423, 3269, 337, 34851; types 14, 789; see also electronic transport records
  • transporteur294; see also carrier
  • travaux préparatoires xvii; Athens Convention 279; Rotterdam Rules 115, 116, 122, 234, 237, 2459; Hague–Visby Rules 21, 37, 41, 69
  • troubles civils38; see also civil commotions
  • UCP 600 78, 162
  • unavoidability 312
  • UNCITRAL xv, 24n86, 1024, 123, 131, 142, 152, 170, 172, 177, 245, 36973
  • UN Convention on International Multimodal Transport of Goods 1980 xv, 120
  • UN Convention on the Liability of Operators of Transport Terminals in the International Trade 1991 xv, 123
  • unforeseeability 312
  • UNIDROIT 120
  • unification of maritime law xiv–xvi, 74, 104, 106
  • unit 567, 61
  • unit of account 59, 2689, 312, 3324, 358, 3901, 413
  • United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) xv, 11920
  • United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Carriage of Goods Wholly or Partly by Sea 2008 (Rotterdam Rules) xv, 336373; actions against the carrier 2357, 35960; and other international instruments 1256, 131, 365; arbitration 130, 2414, 3613; article 26 12331; article 82 1318; as “maritime plus” instrument 116, 11922; burden of proof 125, 126, 1723, 199, 202; carriage preceding or subsequent to sea carriage 11938; choice of court agreements 2379, 360; consignee 138, 141, 153, 156, 207; contract of carriage 109, 11112, 1223; contracts excluded from the scope of application 24950; contractual approach 109, 11116; controlling party 138, 181, 3557; criticism 104n18; deck cargo 1835, 345; delay 18890; delivery of the goods 1289, 21327, 3514; deviation 1856, 345; documentary approach 109, 11618; documentary shipper 138, 1468, 181, 2023, 337, 347; door-to-door contracts 1204; electronic transport records 14262, 208, 338, 340, 34851; exceptions to the mandatory character 2506; form requirements 1069; freedom of contract 1301; general provisions 3368; history 1015; interpretations 1056; jurisdiction 129, 23541, 35961; liability 1267, 17293, 22934, 3425, 3578; loss or damage to the goods 125, 126, 129, 130, 1345, 137, 1901; mandatory character 24456; matters not governed by the convention 3645; notice of loss or damage 1913, 3445; obligations of the carrier 16471, 3412; obligations of the shipper 128, 193205, 3468; performing parties 13940, 186; persons performing services for the carrier 13940; persons performing services for the shipper 142; persons sharing obligations of the shipper 1401; right of control 129; rights of the controlling party 20512; scope of application 10938, 33940; time for suit 127, 2278, 3589; trade approach 11618; transfer of rights 1624, 357; transport documents 128, 14262, 3269, 337, 34851; travaux préparatoires of 115, 116, 122, 234, 237, 2459; validity of contractual terms 3634
  • United Nations Convention on the Carriage of Goods by Sea 1978 (Hamburg Rules) 7498, 32135; actions against servants and agents of the carrier 878; actions in tort against the carrier 867; and other conventions 98100, 332, 334; arbitration 947, 99, 331; bill of lading 7880, 90, 94, 98; claims and actions 32931; contract approach 75; contract of carriage 759, 84, 87, 93, 98; deck cargo 845, 98, 325; documentary approach 756; general provisions 3212; geographic approach 76; guarantees by the shipper 801, 3289; interpretation 74; jurisdiction 924, 99, 330; liability of the carrier 816, 3226; liability of the shipper 8890, 326; limits of liability 623, 867, 324; mandatory nature 978; notice of loss or damage 901; period of application 77; scope of application 757, 322; States Parties 4, 74; supplementary provisions 3313; through carriage 86, 326; time for suit 912; transport documents 7881
  • United States 33, 44, 57, 65, 96, 196, 197, 246
  • US Carriage of Goods Act 1936 54, 56
  • usage 1457
  • York-Antwerp Rules 183

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