Lloyd's Maritime and Commercial Law Quarterly
ENGLISH INSURANCE LAW
Margaret Hemsworth*
CASES
70. Cox v Ergo Versicherung AG 1
Conflict of laws—fatal RTA in Germany—applicability of the Fatal Accidents Act 1976—assessment of damages
As a result of a fatal road traffic accident occurring in Germany in 2004, the claimant, the deceased’s widow, brought a civil claim against the motor liability insurer for the negligent driver. Those proceedings were brought in England, being the place of domicile of the claimant as at commencement of the proceedings and in accordance with Arts 9 and 11 of the Brussels Regulation.2 The claimant sought damages for bereavement and loss of dependency. Liability having been accepted, the insurer contended that German substantive law3 applied to the assessment of damages and as such the claimant was obliged to give credit for those benefits stipulated as deductions, specifically to benefits by way of employment and maintenance by remarriage. In apparent contrast, such matters were required to be ignored in a claim under the Fatal Accidents Act 1976 (“FAA”) (as amended), ss 3–4. The key issue was whether the FAA had relevance to the claim and thus whether deduction of maintenance benefits received following the claimant’s remarriage fell to be made.
Decision: German law applies and deduction is to be made.
Held (per Lord Sumption; with whom Lords Neuberger P, Toulson and Hodge agreed): The cause of action in this claim arose prior to the coming into force of Rome II.4 Accordingly, the Private International Law (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1995, ss 9 and 11–12 apply to provide that issues arising on a cause of action in respect of personal injury are to be determined in accordance with the law of the place where the injury was suffered, in this case Germany, unless that law is displaced on the ground that the tort has substantially more significant connection with England and Wales. Section 14(3)(b) allocates rules of evidence, pleading and practice as a question of procedure to the law of the forum, in
* Solicitor (non-practising). Visiting Lecturer in Law, University of Exeter
1. [2014] UKSC 22; [2014] AC 1379; [2014] 2 WLR 948; [2014] 2 All ER 926; [2014] RTR 20 (Lords Neuberger P, Mance, Sumption, Toulson, Hodge).
2. Council Regulation 44/2001 [2001] OJ L12/1.
3. Bürgerliches Gezetzbuch, s.844.
4. Council Regulation EC 864/2007 [2007] OJ L 199/40; Private International Law (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1995 (as amended by the Law Applicable to Non-Contractual Obligations (England and Wales and Northern Ireland) Regulations 2008: SI 2008/2986), s.15A.
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