14.1 The fact that judgments may be given in a foreign currency at all depends on a proposition of procedural law. The effect of Miliangos 1 is that there is a general rule of English law that judgments may be given in a foreign currency, reversing the previous rule that they could not. There are substantive rules relating to the identification of the appropriate currency, dates of payment and so on, but they all rest on the fundamental procedural proposition that makes such rules meaningful.2