JCT Contract Administration

Dr Andy Atkinson

Document

Page 233

Index

acceleration 82, 85, 90, 96
accepted defects 63
additions (variations) 70, 76, 81, 86, 161
adjudication (in disputes) 64, 74, 83, 97, 139, 173, 174, 180, 184, 186, 188, 191–203, 231
Administrator (in liquidations) 116, 117
advance payment 61, 66, 156, 221, 222
advance payment bond 221, 222
all risks (insurance) 149, 151, 153, 154, 221
approximate estimate 19, 221, 225
approximate quantities 14, 54, 77, 82, 84, 221, 228
arbitration 4, 94, 99, 177, 180–185, 188. 3, 97, 102, 184, 186, 187–193, 197
architect's satisfaction 78, 171
arithmetical check 45
articles of agreement 42, 49, 52
assignment 177
attendance claims 106
averaging (of insurance claim) 154, 222

back-to-back (contract terms) 137, 141, 222
balance of adjustable work 168
bankruptcy 109, 115, 116, 118
base date 164–167
battle of the forms 140, 141
BIM Protocol 4, 48, 52, 206, 220
binding resolution (of disputes) 184, 185, 188
brief (from client) 10, 11, 15, 43, 52, 224
buildability 33, 34, 222
builders quantities 6, 222
building information modelling 4, 51, 205–220
building regulations 7, 79, 172, 178
building standards 25, 39, 79
building surveyor(s) 2, 52, 152, 155
business risk insurance 153

cash flow 1, 43, 44, 46, 47, 226
caveat emptor (in buying buildings) 126
CDP Analysis 48, 76
chain of liability 125, 128, 130, 138
changes (variations) 73, 79, 80, 165
CIMAR (Construction Industry Model Arbitration Rules) 192, 193
CIS (Construction Industry Tax Deduction Scheme) 191
civil engineer 6
claims (contractual) 3, 65, 67, 71, 78, 80, 82, 85, Chapter 6
claims made (basis for insurance) 152
clerk(s) of works 171, 177, 179, 223
Code of Practice for testing work 170, 175, 179
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collateral warranty 128, 129, 138, 223
competent person in charge 170
completion bill (of quantities in liquidations) 119
completion date 77, 82, 88–90, 92–94, 96, 98
conceptual design 11
conciliation 184, 185, 192
concurrent delay 105, 223
concurrent expense 105, 223
conditions of contract 42, 49, 213, 224
consensual resolution (of disputes) 184
consideration 37, 98, 128, 141, 184, 185, 221, 230
Construction Act 64, 66, 67, 71, 78, 92, 139, 140, 150, 180, 181, 186, 188, 191, Chapter 13, 223, 225, 226, 228, 231
CDM (Construction Design and Management Regulations) 52, 223
construction management 7, 17, 22, 33, 35, 119, 196
consultant architect 11, 21, 32, 170, 209, 210, 216
contra proferentum (interpretation of indemnity clauses) 145
contract bills of quantities 48, 49, 50, 222
contract document 48, 78, 222
contract drawings 48, 49, 89
Contract Particulars 42, 55, 62–66, 87–91, 94, 96, 105, 129, 141, 146, 148, 152, 157, 158, 163–167, 191, 192, 208, 212, 224
contract specification 80
contract sum 54, 55, 59, 73, 76, 77, 78, 84, 85, 90, 91, 95, 96, 97, 103, 123, 133, 147, 150, 151, 154, 155, 164, 169, 174, 175, 178, 180, 222, 224
contract sum analysis (CSA) 52, 53, 67, 79, 97, 220
contractor designed portion (CDP) 48, 75, 76, 129, 141, 152, 171, 172, 208, 209, 210, 211, 224
contractor's proposals 48, 52, 53, 75, 79, 80, 179, 180, 220, 224
core (tests) 179
cost plan (cost planning) 15, 45, 224
cost reimbursement 8, 17, 119, 120
cover pricing 26, 224
creditors 59, 115, 116, 121, 122
critical path 105
CSCS (Construction Skills Certification Scheme) 177
cube test(s) 178, 179, 181, 224

date for completion 88, 90, 92–94, 96, 100, 105
date of possession 87, 105
daywork(s) 56, 77, 82, 111, 165, 224
deed (contracts) 50, 79, 127, 152
default (of parties to contract) 111, 112, 114, 133, 137, 141, 147, 150, 152, 156, 157, 162, 164, 192, 201
defect(s) 3, 12, 23, 63, 66, 78, 89, 91, 110, 111, 120, 125–130, 134, 138, 156, 157, 171, 174, 177, 180, 227, 230
defective work 64, 67, 83, 106, 137, 138, 180
deferment 91, 103
deferred (possession) 91
defined work 78, 81, 225
delay(s) 20, 48, 65, 87, 89, 92–94, 98–102, 104–106, 114, 120, 124, 128, 131, 133, 137, 138, 141, 153, 155, 170, 175, 178, 223
delay notice 92
design, manage and construct 20, 21, 35, 60
detailed design 6, 11, 12, 13, 14, 34, 169, 198, 219, 224
discounted cash flow 225, 229, 232
dispute prevention mechanisms 184
disputes adviser 188
disputes board 188
disturbance (of regular progress) 98, 102, 103
domestic subcontractor 133
drawing and specification contracts 9, 12, 13
due date 62, 78, 92, 199–202, 225, 226, 228
due diligence 40, 45, 225

early use 89, 95, 153, 154
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early warning notices 187
electronic data exchange (in BIM) 214
elemental cost breakdown 52
elemental format (of final account) 82
employer's final statement 80, 90, 231
employer's requirements 48, 52, 53, 57, 67, 75, 79, 80, 89, 129, 133, 138, 141, 146, 147, 180, 208, 220
end-point financing 60
errors 14, 28, 29, 31, 43–47, 50, 75
estimated prime cost (EPC) 19, 20, 22, 225, 227
estimating 7, 8, 14
ex-gratia claims 98
exclude individuals (from works) 170, 177
existing structure 114, 149
expert determination (of disputes) 184–186
express terms 59, 74, 87, 97, 150
extension contracts 27–29, 35
extension(s) of time 3, 77, 78, 79, 82, 87–94, 96, 99, 102, 104, 105, 163, 170, 175, 202

facilities management 9, 231
factor cost 32, 54, 55, 100, 156, 161, 162, 164, 167, 226
fair assessment 82
fair valuation 76, 102, 226, 229, 232
fast-tracking 1
federated model (in BIM) 4, 209
final adjustment 90, 91
final certificate 74, 78, 80, 83, 90, 92, 127
final account Chapter 4, 45, 54, 61, 90, 120, 123, 124, 147, 226, 227, 229, 231
final date for payment 62, 78, 199–202, 226, 228
final payment 3, 13, 78, 83, 92, 169, 171, 174, 180
final statement 80, 90, 231
financial adjustment 79, 175
financial statement 84
fixed fee 18, 19, 35
fluctuations Chapter 10, 3, 71, 83, 85
form of tender 40
formula fluctuations 162, 167, 168
framework agreement 30, 31, 35
FRI lease (full repairing and insuring lease) 126, 226
front load(ing) 44, 46, 226
frustration 110
fundamental breach (of contract) 109–111

general overhead 21, 99, 106, 226
guaranteed maximum price 21, 35, 60

Hudson's formula 99, 106
hybrid contracts 8

implied term(s) 73, 74, 97, 178, 226
indemnity Chapter 9, specifically 143–146
index, indices for price adjustment 167, 168
information management (in BIM) 57, 208, 220
information requirements (in BIM) 208, 209, 212, 213, 215, 217
insolvency Chapter 7, 3, 140, 143, 147, 155, 180, 202, 216
Insolvency Act 115, 116, 118, 124
instructions 40, 63, 74, 75, 80, 81, 94, 95, 98, 101, 170, 171, 175, 176, 179
insurance Chapter 9, 3, 13, 14, 42, 49, 51, 57, 59, 63, 66, 68, 89, 95, 113, 114, 117, 118, 120, 198, 221, 222, 227, 231
interest charges 98, 101
interim application (for payment) 67
interim certificate(s) 14, 62, 64–66, 103, 150, 156
interim payment(s) Chapter 3, 15, 42, 56, 110, 121, 156, 157, 173, 174, 180, 200, 223, 226, 230
interim valuation(s) 61, 62, 64, 67, 84
invitation(s) 24, 25, 37–40, 51, 139

joint names (insurance policies) 154, 159

key performance indicators 30, 226
key rates 33, 227
knock-on 106, 77, 138

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landscape architects 6
latent defects 3, 12, 23, 125, 128, 129, 130, 227
letter of acceptance 42
levels of detail (in BIM) 209, 210
life-cycle costs 51
limitation period 50
limitation of liability (clauses in material supply contracts) 128
Limited Liability Partnerships Act 115
liquidated damages 42, 62, 66, 78, 87, 89, 91, 92, 95, 96, 99, 153, 174, 180
liquidation 59, 98, 116–118, 120–123, 144, 145
litigation 97, 184, 187–190, 192
local authority/local authorities 7, 9, 148
loss adjustment 155
loss and expense 63, 65, 77, 78, 98, 103–105, 113, 162, 163
loss of profit 47, 98, 100, 101, 102, 114, 115
lump sum 8, 9, 12, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 23, 38, 40, 59, 78, 99, 119, 120, 161, 229

making good defects 78, 177
management contracting 8, 20, 22, 35
materials off site 63, 65, 121, 153
materials on site 63, 64, 65, 67, 70
measured term contract(s) 9, 15, 16, 35, 228, 230
measurement and valuation 61, 62, 67, 76, 77, 79, 229
mediation 139, 174, 180, 184–188, 190, 192, 193
most economically advantageous tender (MEAT) 51, 53, 227
mutual dealing (in liquidations) 117, 121, 227

named sub-contractor 133, 138, 141, 227
negligence 3, 79, 115, 131, 145, 146, 151, 154
negotiated contract 24, 28, 30, 32, 33, 35
negotiating claims 104
negotiation 1, 11, 31–34, 51, 54, 55, 56, 83, 103, 119, 183, 184, 226, 228
neutral evaluation 184, 185
New Rules of Measurement (NRM) 38, 56, 81, 167, 178
no negligence (insurance) 146
nominated sub-contractor 133, 137, 227
notional account (in liquidations) 120, 227
notional cost(s) 19, 101, 121, 227
notional quantities (with measured term contracts) 16, 228
novated sub-contractor 134
novation (in liquidations) 118, 119, 228
novation (of designers) 11, 52, 53, 228

off-site overheads 61, 99, 100, 166
off-site payment bonds 156, 157, 158
omissions 76, 85, 93, 102
on-demand bond 156, 221, 230
on-site overheads 99, 166
open book (negotiation) 33, 51, 54, 56, 57, 228
open tender 24
ordering of materials (in claims) 101
outline design 11, 224
owner (of building) 6, 42, 121, 125–127, 129, 137, 144, 149, 231
ownership of materials 71, 117, 118, 121, 122, 140, 230

parametric (modelling of building work) 205
parent company guarantee 156
parity of tendering 42, 43, 228
partial possession 88, 89, 95, 153
partnering 1, 24, 29, 30, 31, 33, 35, 51, 228
partners (in partnering) 30
partners (business) 115
partnership(s) (business) 115, 116, 124
pay less notice 62, 66, 78, 92, 139, 201, 202, 228
pay when certified (terms in contracts) 195, 200, 203
pay when paid (terms in contracts) 200
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performance bond 42, 155, 120, 121, 155, 222
performance specification 10, 11, 24, 228
permitted purpose (in BIM) 211, 215
personal injury (insurance) 145, 146
photographs 84
planning permission 7, 11, 52
post-contract 13, 14, 46, 48, 50, 53, 55, 133, 138, 179, 209, 221
post-tender checks 25, 41, 44, 228
postponement 91
Practical Completion 63, 66, 81, 87–91, 94, 95, 153, 169, 171, 174, 180, 221
pre-tender checks 26, 27, 229
preambles 39, 222
preferred bidding 47, 48, 228
preliminaries (preliminary items) 39, 42, 55, 56, 65, 67–69, 78, 82, 99, 101, 143, 153, 178, 222, 225, 229, 230, 232
price manipulation 43, 45
price ringing 26, 229
prime cost 19, 20, 22, 61, 225, 227
private finance initiative (PFI) 9, 10, 35, 51, 60, 61, 231
pro-rata rates 76, 226, 229, 232
procurement Chapters 1 and 2, 2, 3, 60, 74, 112, 119, 159, 231
professional (expert) client 147, 208, 226, 229
professional indemnity insurance (PII) 3, 13, 14, 152, 159, 198
project agreement (in BIM) 211
project manager 7, 34
property damage/damage to property (insurance) 145, 146, 147, 153, 158
provisional sum(s) 55, 78, 81, 82, 84, 133, 147, 163, 218, 222, 225, 227, 229, 232
public liability insurance 153
pure design and build 10, 11, 24, 60, 219

quantum meruit 98, 110, 111, 114

re-measurement 14
re-rating 77, 102, 229
rectification period 78, 89, 91, 177, 180
reductions 47, 67, 83, 222
relevant event(s) 92–95, 104, 105
relevant matter(s) 103, 104, 105
relevant omission 93
remoteness of damages 114
removal of work 170, 175
rescission 98, 110
reservation of title (building materials on/off site) 65, 121, 127, 140, 230
retention 63, 65, 66, 71, 91, 95, 123, 140, 156–158, 174, 180, 230
retention bond 63, 66, 157, 158, 230
reverse auctioning 47, 230

Schedule 2 (variation/change) 77, 79, 80, 83, 84, 94, 165
Schedule 2 (acceleration) 85, 96
Schedule 2 (named sub-contractor) 133, 138
schedule(s) of rates 4, 16, 52, 53, 67, 79, 80, 97, 99, 219, 224, 230
scheme for construction contracts 186, 191, 198, 199, 202, 203
seasonal effect 100
sectional completion 88, 89
selective tendering 26, 27, 29, 30, 40, 41, 43, 44
self-employed (sub-contractors) 132
serial tendering 28–30, 51
services engineer(s) 6, 129, 152, 209, 218
set-off 78, 92, 138–140, 180, 201, 226
shoe stepping (in taking action for latent defects) 130
single tender 31, 32, 35
site minutes 74
site overhead(s) 17, 20, 27, 61, 77, 99, 100, 106, 118, 166, 229, 230
site survey(s) 38, 118
slump tests 181, 230
snagging (defects) 88, 131, 156, 171, 177, 180, 230
soil investigations 39
soil reports 38
Special Project Vehicle(s) 60, 231
specialists (contractors) 7, 8, 20–23, 125, 126–131, 133, 134, 137, 138, 141, 143, 171, 177, 218, 219, 227, 231
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specification (document) 4, 9, 12, 13, 38, 39, 53, 54, 80, 170, 173, 178, 210, 219, 224, 225
specified default 112
specified peril 95, 99, 114, 149, 151, 155, 227, 231
speculative pricing 43, 44, 46, 47
stage payment(s) 60, 61, 64, 67, 174, 199
standing list 25–27
statutory adjudication 186, 195, 196, 231
statutory insurance 153
statutory requirements 172, 178
strategic partnering 30, 33, 51
structural engineer(s) 6, 75, 209–211
subrogation 153, 154, 159, 231
substitution 79
suspend performance (under Construction Act) 63, 202

taking off 7, 14, 81, 205
target cost 17–19
technical check 45
tenant 3, 6, 42, 126, 128–130, 141, 149, 223, 231
tender type(s) 8, 23
tender adjudication 40
tender documents 24, 39, 40–42, 46, 52–54, 218, 225, 228, 232
tender drawings 39, 40
tender ratio 25, 27, 232
tender report 45
terrorism/terrorist acts 113, 151
tests 3, 63, 169, 170, 173, 175, 178, 179, 181
Third Party Rights Act 128, 129, 141
time-barred (action for redress for latent defects) 126, 127
tort 79, 128, 130, 141, 152, 198
trade contractor 134, 137
traditional contracting 13
traditional fluctuations 164, 166
transfer payment 22
transparency 22, 23, 51
two stage tendering 24, 33–35, 51, 57

undefined work 81, 232
uneconomic use of labour/working of labour 98, 100, 106, 223
uneconomic use of plant 101, 106
uneconomic ordering of materials 101, 106

valuation rules 76, 81, 82, 98, 232
valuing (valuation of) variations 14, 76, 79, 102, 163, 230, 232
variation (“Schedule 2”) quotation 76, 77, 79, 80, 83
variation(s) 14, 43, 48, 50, 56, 60, 65, 67, 70, 73–84, 93, 94, 98, 101–103, 110, 115, 123, 124, 150, 152, 161–163, 165, 223, 230, 232
VAT 164, 165, 191

whole life costs 10, 51, 52, 232
winding up 116
work properly executed 62–64, 66, 67, 173, 223
work schedules 53, 67
working drawings 39, 232
Works Commencement Date 87
works contractor 20, 22, 133, 141
works insurance 3, 42, 63, 89, 117, 147, 148, 151
works orders 35
wrongful trading 116

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JCT Contract Administration

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Index

Index

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