Commercial and Maritime Law in China and Europe

Shengnan Jia and Lijun Liz Zhao

Document

Page 245

Index

alternative dispute resolution (ADR) 103, 107–108, 113, 159, 161–164;
- commercial arbitration 104, 106, 115–116, 123–126, 129, 133, 136, 139, 142–146, 156, 161–162;
- commercial litigation 135, 158, 160;
- cross-border dispute resolution 156;
- international arbitration 101, 108, 113–114, 116–118, 122–123, 131–132, 137–138, 143, 147, 149, 155–157, 159, 162, 166;
- international commercial arbitration 104, 106, 115–116, 125–126, 129, 146, 161–162;
- international commercial dispute resolution 101, 103, 106–108, 112–113;
- mediation 3, 17, 103, 106–108, 111, 113, 158, 163–164;
- one-stop platform 102, 108, 111
anti-suit injunctions 39, 166, 171–173, 176
autonomous ship 235, 237–238
arbitration: Arbitration Law of China 111, 125–126, 138, 140, 148, 162;
- Dutch Arbitration Act 126–129;
- Hong Kong Arbitration Ordinance 127;
- LCIA Arbitration Rules 125, 129–131
arrest: arrest of cargo 191–192;
- arrest of ship 143–144;
- the International Convention on Arrest of Ships 143–144
artificial intelligence (AI) 3, 28, 46, 235–244;
- AI development plan 235, 237;
- Commission's White Paper on AI 241–242;
- EU AI act 235;
- EU AI law 244
Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) 102–103, 105, 109, 112–113, 158–159
bilateral cooperation 158–159
bills of lading 38–40, 42, 44–45, 49, 55–56, 166, 171, 173–174, 176, 178, 235;
- incorporation of charterparty arbitration agreements in bills of lading 174, 176
Brexit 1, 3, 16–39, 102
carriage of goods by sea 3, 15–16, 20, 40–41, 43, 47, 49–60;
- multimodal carriage 194–107, 203;
- sea carriage 21, 194, 197, 199–202
charterparty 57, 123, 134, 165, 172–175, 183, 188, 191;
- bills of lading 38–40, 42, 44–45, 49, 55–56, 166, 171, 173–174, 176, 178, 235;
- charterparty arbitration 176;
- multiple charterparties 183–184, 189, 193;
- single charterparty 186, 189, 193;
- time charterparty 173, 185–190;
- voyage charterparty 173, 185–188, 190
Chinese Maritime Code 40–41, 47, 50, 60, 83–84, 183–184, 224
China's particularity 42–44, 52–53, 55–56
causation 76–77, 80, 92
China International Commercial Court (CICC) 101–103
Chinese shipyards 167–170
commercial arbitration 104, 106, 115–116, 123–126, 129, 133, 136, 139, 142–146, 156, 161–162
commercial litigation 135, 158, 160
Commission's White Paper on AI 241–242
comparison 87, 92, 107, 184, 186, 192, 204, 214, 217, 219
compensation: compensation fund 207, 209, 214, 217–218;
- death compensation 221;
- disability compensation 221;
- workplace injuries 222–223, 226, 229
compulsory consolidation 122–126, 128, 133, 135–136
conflict of laws 12
contract: contract law of P.R.C. 11–12, 40, 48, 91, 185, 188;
- contracting out 81;
- labour contract 48, 225–229, 231;
- shipbuilding contracts 165–167, 169, 171, 173, 176, 178
court: China international commercial court (CICC) 101–103;
- German Federal Supreme Court 194;
- Germany International Commercial Court 107;
- International Chamber of the Paris Court of Appeal 107;
- maritime court 10, 77, 84, 144–146, 151, 171, 174, 176, 178–179, 189–190, 192, 226–228;
- Netherlands International Commercial Court 107;
- UK Commercial Court 107
cross-border dispute resolution 156
culture: cultural sensitivity 115–116;
- linguistic sensitivity 114–115
Dutch Arbitration Act 126–129
duty to make fair presentation 61, 63–64, 68, 75–76, 78, 80–81;
- material circumstances 62, 64–65, 67, 70, 74–75, 85–87
economic analysis 215–216
environment: environmental damage 16–17, 207, 219;
- environmental pollution 18;
- environmental protection 19, 209, 239;
- legal environment 84, 164, 224–225, 231;
- marine environment 23, 209–210
employment salvage 7–15
EU AI Act 235
EU AI law 244
EU Commission 24, 236
EU maritime law 16–17
exports 103, 105–107, 110, 113
financial security 17, 207–208, 211–212, 215, 217, 219
guarantee 47, 165, 176–178, 205, 217, 219;
- bank guarantee 207;
- letter of credit 212;
- letter of guarantee 151, 212;
- refund guarantee 168, 171–172, 178
guiding cases 13–15
Hong Kong arbitration ordinance 127
hybrid regime 40–43, 46–49, 51, 57, 60
interim measures 33, 137–138, 140–156, 160;
- anti-suit injunctions 39, 166, 171–173, 176;
- behaviour preservation 138;
- conduct preservation 138–139, 142–145, 148;
- evidence preservation 139–140, 142–145; 148–151, 153–155;
- maritime claim 19, 38, 143–145, 165, 211;
- maritime preservation 143–144, 192;
- preservation measure 138–143;
- property preservation 138–140, 142–145, 148–151, 153–155, 191
industry: chartering industry 183;
- construction industry 220;
- international trade 2, 42, 53, 105–106, 111, 113, 127, 220;
- maritime trade industry 51;
- oil and gas industry 166, 219;
- shipbuilding industry 2, 165, 169;
- shipping industry 2, 50, 169, 172, 220–222, 205
insurance: compulsory insurance 205, 217;
- marine insurance 35, 48–49, 61, 63, 77–78, 82–90, 92–93, 95–98;
- P & I club 18, 36, 48, 81, 84, 97–98, 208, 212–213, 225–229, 231;
- social insurance 224–225, 227–232;
- UK Insurance Act 2015 61, 63, 76, 82–83, 87–88;
- UK Marine Insurance Act (MIA) 1906 61–63, 67, 82, 88–91, 94–95, 98, 113;
- work-related injury insurance 221, 225, 227–229, 232
international arbitration 101, 108, 113–114, 116–118, 122–123, 131–132, 137–138, 143, 147, 149, 155–157, 159, 162, 166
international commercial arbitration 104, 106, 115–116, 125–126, 129, 146, 161–162
international commercial dispute resolution 101, 103, 106–108, 112–113
interpretations 13–14, 49, 149, 160, 187, 223, 225
judge: judge appointment 102, 110, 113;
- Judge Law of China 105, 110
jurisdiction: Germany 194;
- Hong Kong, China 1, 8, 10, 21–22, 110, 116, 125, 127–128, 132, 137, 140, 145–156, 169, 209, 232;
- Italy 158–164;
- mainland China 40, 137–140, 142–157, 209;
- United Kingdom 16, 23, 28, 32, 34
law: Chinese maritime code 40–41, 47, 50, 60, 83–84, 183–184, 224;
- Contract Law of P.R.C. 11–12, 40, 48, 91, 185, 188;
- EU AI Act 235;
- EU AI law 244;
- EU Commission 24, 236;
- EU maritime law 16–17;
- the EU (Withdrawal) Act 2018 28;
- German law 197, 200;
- UK Insurance Act 2015 61, 63, 76, 82–83, 87–88
law reforms 14, 83
Lloyd's Open Form (LOF) 9
liability: basis of liability 207, 209, 214;
- limitation of liability 17, 38–40, 47, 54, 205, 211, 214, 217;
- marine oil pollution 204–205, 209–210, 215–217, 219;
- strict liability 205, 210, 214–215, 217, 219
lien: carrier's lien 185;
- lien clause 184, 187, 193;
- lien on cargo 46, 58, 175, 183–188, 190–193;
- lien on the charterer's goods 186;
- lien on the debtor's cargo 188;
- self-remedy 191–192;
- statutory lien 185
limitation of liability 17, 38–40, 47, 54, 205, 211, 214, 217
linguistic sensitivity 114–115
marine insurance 35, 48–49, 61, 63, 77–78, 82–90, 92–93, 95–98
marine oil pollution 204–205, 209–210, 215–217, 219
material circumstances 62, 64–65, 67, 70, 74–75, 85–87
mediation 3, 17, 103, 106–108, 111, 113, 158, 163–164
multimodal transport 194, 196–197, 199–200, 202
multiple charterparties 183–184, 189, 193
party autonomy 122–126, 128–129, 131, 135, 187–188
pollution: environmental pollution 18;
- marine oil pollution 204–205, 209–210, 215–217, 219
possession 36, 183–184, 190, 193, 200
preservation measure 138–143;
- behaviour preservation 138;
- conduct preservation 138–139, 142–145, 148;
- evidence preservation 139–140, 142–145; 148–151, 153–155;
- maritime claim 19, 38, 143–145, 165, 211;
- maritime preservation 143–144, 192;
- property preservation 138–140, 142–145, 148–151, 153–155, 191
recognition and enforcement: recognition and enforcement of judgments 19–20, 29, 31, 111;
- recognition of arbitral awards 161;
- recognition of foreign judgments 112–113, 142
remedies 62–63, 76–83, 209, 217–218, 221, 229–230;
- automatic remedy 78;
- legislative remedy 189;
- lien on cargo 46, 58, 175, 183–188, 190–193;
- mandatory remedy 78;
- self-remedy 191–192
right to a fair hearing 116–117
salvage 7–16, 38, 47, 213;
- employment salvage 7–15;
- salvage agreement 8–9
sea transport 194–195, 199–202
seafarers' rights 221–226
Shanghai Free Trade Zone 111
shipbuilding contracts 165–167, 169, 171, 173, 176, 178
social insurance 224–225, 227–232
strict liability 205, 210, 214–215, 217, 219
transport: multimodal transport 194, 196–197, 199–200, 202;
- sea transport 194–195, 199–202
UK government 30–31, 36, 235, 243
workplace injuries 222–223, 226, 229

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