i-law

FIDIC Contracts in Africa and the Middle East

Page 441

Index
  • Abrahamson Principles 12, 50, 423
  • Abu Dhabi Commercial Conciliation and Arbitration Centre (ADCCAC) 358, 423
  • Abu Dhabi Global Market (ADGM) 350, 423
  • Abu Dhabi Investment Office (ADIO) 357, 424
  • Abu Dhabi Municipality (ADM) 361–362
  • Accepted Contract Amount 404, 418
  • adhesion contract 424
  • ADR see 1164
  • Advance Payment Certificate 424
  • Advance Payment Guarantee 424
  • African Development Bank (AfDB) 238
  • Agreement on Government Procurement (WTO GPA) 37
  • alternative dispute resolution (ADR) 86, 208, 228–229, 245, 333, 424
  • see also dispute resolution
  • amiable compositeur 403, 424
  • Angola
  • applicable legislation 96–97
  • common forms of contract 86
  • constitutional structure 76–77
  • construction industry overview 79–88
  • Contractor's claims 93–94
  • court system 78–79
  • COVID-19 in 88–90
  • current challenges 88
  • defects notification period 92
  • dispute resolution 86–88
  • environment 95
  • FIDIC General Conditions 92–94
  • foreign investment 81
  • governing law of the contract 90–91
  • insurance requirements 85
  • labour 94–95
  • legal system 77–78
  • licensing requirements for contractors 80–81
  • oil and gas sector, local content requirements in 85–86
  • Particular Conditions 94–95
  • private construction contracts 82
  • professional qualifications 82
  • public sector procurement and public contracts 82–84
  • Special Provisions 94–95
  • subcontractors 94
  • surplus materials 95
  • Temporary Works, sale of 95
  • wreckage, sale of 95
  • AOA 79–80
  • Appendix to Tender 50
  • applicable law
  • governing law of the contract 24–25
  • impact of laws 34–35
  • intersection of local laws with governing law of the contract 25
  • laws applicable to arbitration of dispute 26–27
  • laws applicable to execution of construction project 26
  • laws with extra-territorial reach 25–26
  • mandatory law 21
  • non-mandatory law 21
  • Particular Conditions see 1981
  • Yellow Book 2017 provisions on 22–24governing law of the contract
  • applicable legislation
  • Angola 96–97
  • Egypt 135–139
  • Ethiopia 162–165
  • Jordan 198–200
  • Kenya 226–231
  • Nigeria 271–277
  • South Africa 310–314
  • Türkiye 344–345
  • United Arab Emirates 370–375
  • Zambia 412–417
  • arbitration
  • applicable law 26–27
  • Egypt 116–117
  • Jordan 179–180
  • Kenya 225–226
  • Türkiye 333
  • Zambia 396–398enforcement of foreign judgments
  • Arbitration Foundation of Southern Africa (AFSA) 313, 412
  • Architects Registration Council of Nigeria (ARCON) 240
  • Architectural Association of Kenya (AAK) 214
  • architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry 212
  • artificial intelligence (AI) 330
  • Association of Turkish Consulting Engineers and Architects (ATCEA) 334
  • bankruptcy
  • Angola 97
  • Egypt 137, 138
  • Ethiopia 163
  • Jordan 197, 198
  • Kenya 227
  • Nigeria 272, 276
  • South Africa 310
  • United Arab Emirates 370
  • Zambia 412
  • banks
  • multilateral development banks 17, 245, 392
  • performance bank guarantees 436
  • Base Date 307, 404
  • BaTCoDA 424
  • behaviour see conduct
  • best practice, promotion of 12–13
  • Bid Data Sheet (BDS) 160
  • bill of quantities (BoQ) 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 155
  • BIM see 1261
  • Blue-Green Book 16, 43, 425
  • Board of Registration of Architects and Quantity Surveyors (BORAQS) 211
  • bonos mores 339
  • borrower 245, 249
  • breach of contract
  • damages for 9
  • building information modelling system (BIM)
  • Egypt 108
  • Ethiopia 151
  • Jordan 176–177
  • Kenya 212
  • Türkiye 329–330
  • United Arab Emirates 356
  • Zambia 392
  • Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) 214
  • Bureau of Public Procurement (BPP) 239, 242, 244
  • Cairo Regional Centre for International Commercial Arbitration (CRCICA) 109, 412
  • CAR insurance 178, 244
  • casus fortuitus 299, 300
  • causa 114, 116
  • Central Bank of Egypt (CBE) 111
  • Centro de Resolução Extrajudicial de Litígios (CREL) 86
  • Chartered Institute of Arbitrators (CIArb) 247
  • Chief Justice of Nigeria (CJN) 254
  • choice of law
  • Egypt 115–116
  • generally 10–11
  • Jordan 190
  • Nigeria 255
  • Particular Conditions 57–60
  • Türkiye 338
  • see also applicable law
  • CISG 36
  • civil law
  • differences to common law 5–6
  • Egypt 101
  • Ethiopia 144
  • freedom of contract 8
  • Jordan 170–171
  • public policy (ordre public) 8
  • system of 5
  • Türkiye 320
  • United Arab Emirates 349–350
  • Common Court of Justice and Arbitration Centre (CCJA) 412
  • common forms of contract
  • Angola 86
  • Egypt 109–110
  • Ethiopia 154–155
  • Jordan 178–179
  • Kenya 213–215
  • Nigeria 244–245
  • Türkiye 331–332
  • United Arab Emirates 358
  • common law
  • differences to civil law 5–6
  • Ethiopia 144
  • Jordan 196
  • Kenya 208
  • Nigeria 236
  • South Africa 284, 301
  • Türkiye 339
  • Zambia 382
  • Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) 153
  • Competition and Consumer Protection Commission (CCPC) 418
  • compound annual growth rate (CAGR) 104
  • concursus creditorum 309
  • consequential loss or damage see 1712
  • constitutional structure
  • Angola 76–77
  • Egypt 101
  • Ethiopia 143–144
  • Jordan 170
  • Kenya 206–207
  • Nigeria 235–236
  • South Africa 283
  • Türkiye 320
  • United Arab Emirates 348–349
  • Zambia 381
  • Constitution of the Republic of Angola (CRA) 76
  • construction contract
  • Egypt 119–120
  • construction contracts
  • choice of law (proper law) 9–11
  • civil law 5–6
  • common law 5–6
  • contract law 6
  • definition 3
  • distinction from other commercial contracts 3
  • entry see 1575
  • freedom of contract 6–9
  • frustration see 1663
  • international construction contracts 11
  • legal systems 5–6
  • operation see 1976
  • overview 3–5
  • pacta sunt servanda 9
  • termination see 2128
  • uniqueness 5, 47
  • Variations see 2196
  • FIDIC contracts
  • Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) 289
  • construction industry overviews
  • Angola 79–88
  • Egypt 104–112
  • Ethiopia 146–158
  • Jordan 171–183
  • Kenya 209–215
  • Nigeria 237–249
  • South Africa 286–297
  • Türkiye 321–336
  • United Arab Emirates 352–360
  • Zambia 387–398current challenges for construction industry
  • construction industry regulatory frameworks 360
  • Construction Material Manufacturers Association of Türkiye (IMSAD) 335
  • contra bonos mores 302
  • contract agreements 19, 425
  • Contract Data see 1981
  • contract forms in common use 86
  • Egypt 154–155
  • Ethiopia 154
  • Jordan 178–179
  • Kenya 213–215
  • Nigeria 244–245
  • South Africa 294–295
  • Türkiye 331–332
  • United Arab Emirates 358
  • Zambia 395–396construction contracts;FIDIC contracts
  • contract interpretation under local law and custom
  • Egypt 139–140
  • Ethiopia 165–166
  • Jordan 200–203
  • Nigeria 277–280
  • South Africa 314–317
  • United Arab Emirates 375–376
  • Zambia 417–420
  • contract law 6
  • contract liquidation
  • Egypt 137
  • Ethiopia 163
  • Jordan 197, 198
  • Kenya 227
  • Nigeria 272, 276
  • South Africa 310
  • United Arab Emirates 370
  • Zambia 412
  • Contractors
  • Claims 12, 15 32–33, 93–94, 132, 196, 201, 301, 316
  • foreign 81, 148, 196, 209, 210, 230, 389, 393–394
  • general obligations 124
  • indemnities by 266, 395
  • licensing requirements 80–81
  • limitation of liability 191–192, 315
  • obligations in EPC Silver Book 61
  • pledge in favour of 262
  • registration/licensing 80–81
  • sale of equipment by Employer 95
  • securities for 306licensing of Contractors
  • Contractor's Equipment, sale of 95
  • Contract Participants 49
  • contract termination 24
  • Corpus Iuris Civilis 5
  • corruption see anti-corruption laws
  • costs, adjustments
  • generally 67, 223–224
  • Council for National and International Commercial Arbitration in India (CNICA) 57
  • Council for the Regulation of Engineering in Nigeria (COREN) 239, 247
  • Council of Registered Builders of Nigeria (CORBON) 240, 247
  • Country Procurement Assessment Report (CPAR) 242
  • court proceedings 9, 26, 219, 229, 351, 364, 416
  • court system
  • Angola 78–79
  • Egypt 102–104
  • Ethiopia 145–146
  • Jordan 171
  • Kenya 208–209
  • Nigeria 237
  • South Africa 285–286
  • Türkiye 320–321
  • United Arab Emirates 350–352
  • Zambia 382–387
  • COVID-19
  • Angola 88–90
  • claims arising under FIDIC contracts 32–34
  • dispute resolution 34
  • economic measures 32
  • Egypt 112–115
  • Ethiopia 158–159
  • execution of construction projects 31
  • government responses 27–29
  • impact on construction 29–31
  • Jordan 183–189
  • Kenya 215–219
  • Nigeria 250–255
  • operation of contract 32
  • South Africa 298–302
  • Türkiye 336–338
  • United Arab Emirates 360–363
  • Zambia 398–402
  • curial law (lex arbitrii) 26, 59, 426
  • current challenges for construction industry
  • Angola 88
  • Egypt 111–112
  • Ethiopia 157
  • Nigeria 248–249
  • Türkiye 334–335
  • United Arab Emirates 359–360
  • Zambia 398
  • customary law 236–237
  • DAAB see 1492
  • DAB see 1487
  • damage, indirect or consequential 66, 315
  • damages
  • breach of contract 375
  • delays, for 60, 129, 161–162, 194, 201, 308–309, 315, 340, 419, 427
  • liquidated damages 60, 129–131, 135, 340, 366, 376
  • Data, Contract see 1981
  • decennial liability 366
  • deceptive conduct see conduct
  • deed 192, 258, 268
  • defects
  • liability 4, 86, 138, 164, 192–193, 343, 366–367
  • notification periods 20, 49, 92, 192–194, 367, 427
  • delayed payments, financing charges in 194
  • delict 315
  • Department of Petroleum Resources (DPR) 251
  • dépeçage 118
  • Design-Build-Operate (DBO) 214
  • development aid see 1761
  • Directorate of Occupational Health and Safety Services (DOSHS) 211
  • Dispute Adjudication Board (DAB) 51, 133, 179, 334
  • arbitration 51
  • decisions 202–203, 341
  • dispute resolution 179
  • Jordan 179, 202–203
  • Dispute Avoidance and Adjudication Board (DAAB) 51
  • arbitration 53, 266
  • decisions 202–203, 341
  • dispute resolution 179
  • failure to appoint members 25
  • Jordan 179, 202–203
  • Dispute Boards (DB) 51
  • Egypt 111, 133
  • Türkiye 333–334
  • dispute resolution
  • alternative 86, 208, 228–229, 245, 333, 424
  • Angola 86–88
  • applicable law 34
  • Covid-19-related claims 34
  • Egypt 111
  • Ethiopia 155–156
  • Jordan 179–183
  • multi-tiered clauses 358
  • Nigeria 245–248
  • Türkiye 332–334
  • United Arab Emirates 358–359
  • Zambia 396–398arbitration;enforcement of foreign judgments
  • doctrine of separability 26, 27
  • Dubai Development Authority (DDA) 361
  • Dubai International Arbitration Centre (DIAC) 358
  • Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC) 350
  • Egypt
  • applicable laws 134–135
  • applicable legislation 135–139
  • common forms of contract 109–110
  • conflict of law rules 117–118
  • constitutional structure 101
  • construction contract 119–120
  • construction industry overview 104–112
  • contractual clauses 140
  • court system 102–104
  • COVID-19 112–115
  • current challenges 111–112
  • dispute resolution 111
  • governing law of the contract 115–120, 135–136
  • government/private sector procurement 108
  • institutional arbitration 116–117
  • insurance requirements 109
  • labour relations 106
  • legal system 101–102
  • lex causae 116
  • licensing/registration 105–106
  • modular construction 107
  • Particular Conditions 120–134
  • safety culture 107
  • Special Provisions 120–134
  • technology/innovation/BIM 108
  • Egyptian Society for Consulting Engineers (ESCONE) 109
  • Electronic Government Procurement System (E-GP System) 392
  • Emerald Book 16
  • Golden Principles 20–21
  • Employers
  • cessation of liability 192
  • FIDIC Conditions of Contract 16, 43
  • Particular Conditions as to preferences 16, 43, 95
  • sale of Contractor's Equipment, surplus material, wreckage and Temporary Works 95, 202, 262–263
  • Special Provisions necessary or desirable for preferences of 66–68
  • termination by 202
  • Employment and Labour Relations Court (ELRC) 208
  • enforcement of foreign judgments
  • Jordan 180–181
  • Engineering Institute of Zambia (EIZ) 390
  • Engineering Offices Commission (EOC) 171
  • Engineering, Procurement and Construction Management (EPCM) contract 4, 15, 429
  • Engineer Procure and Construct (EPC) contract 4, 429
  • Engineers
  • decisions as final and binding 202–203
  • dissatisfaction with determinations of 267, 410
  • Ethiopia 161
  • exercise of duties 161, 405
  • instructions by 22, 63, 65
  • Kenya 210
  • qualifications 82
  • role of 131, 223, 341–342, 401
  • Türkiye 341–342
  • Engineers’ Board of Kenya (EBK) 210
  • enterprise resource planning (ERP) 329
  • entry into contract
  • Angola 96
  • Egypt 137
  • Ethiopia 162
  • Jordan 198
  • Kenya 226
  • Nigeria 271
  • South Africa 310
  • Turkish 344
  • United Arab Emirates 370
  • Zambia 412
  • environmental laws
  • Kenya 225
  • EOT see 1621
  • Equipment
  • sale of 95, 202, 262–263
  • testing apparatus, equipment and instruments, calibration of 164, 275, 312, 414
  • Ethiopia
  • applicable legislation 162–165
  • common forms of contract 154–155
  • constitutional structure 143–144
  • construction industry overview 146–158
  • court system 145–146
  • COVID-19 158–159
  • current challenges 157
  • dispute resolution 155–156
  • governing law of the contract 159–160, 162–163
  • government/private sector procurement 151–153
  • insurance requirements 154
  • labour relations 149
  • legal system 144
  • licensing/registration 147–149
  • modular construction 150
  • Particular Conditions 160–162
  • safety culture 149–150
  • Special Provisions 160–162
  • technology/innovation/BIM 151
  • Ethiopian Construction Practice Norm (ECPN) 158
  • Ethiopian Road Authority (ERA) 156
  • ex aequo et bono 401, 403
  • Exceptional Events (Force Majeure)
  • Türkiye 342–343
  • Zambia 400
  • exceptio non adempleti contractus 140
  • exequatur 133
  • expanded polystyrene (EPS) 212
  • extension of time (EOT) clauses 32, 218, 279, 301, 302, 400
  • extra-territoriality, applicable law and 25–26
  • fair and balanced contracts
  • Golden Principles 45–47
  • Federal Capital Territory (FCT) 235
  • Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Act 2018 (FCCPA) 243
  • Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Commission (FCCPC) 243
  • Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (FDRE) 143
  • Federal Executive Council (FEC) 242
  • Federation 105
  • Federation of Construction Industry (FOCI) 239
  • FIDIC contracts
  • aims of book 38–39
  • contract agreement 18
  • contract documents 18, 19
  • General Conditions 20
  • JICA usage see 1761
  • MDB use of 17–18
  • order of precedence of documents 66
  • overview 15–17
  • Particular Conditions see 1981
  • rainbow suite 19
  • Special Provisions 19–20
  • subcontracts 16
  • Underground Works see 1547
  • FIDIC Golden Principles see 1668
  • Final Payment Certificate (FPC) 259
  • financing charges in delayed payments 194, 201
  • force majeure
  • Angola 89–90
  • Egypt 114, 137
  • Ethiopia 162, 163
  • Jordan 198
  • Kenya 227
  • Nigeria 252–253, 271
  • Türkiye 342–343
  • Zambia 400–401exceptional events
  • Foreign Investment Regulator (AIPEX) 81
  • foreign judgments see 1557
  • fraude à la loi 118
  • freedom of contract 6–9
  • frustrated contracts 271
  • General Condition of Contract (GCC) 161
  • General Conditions (GCs) 48
  • General Conditions of Contract for Construction Works (GCC 2015) 294
  • Gold Book 16
  • Golden Principles (GPs)
  • consistency with 52–54
  • fair and balanced contracts 45–47
  • overview 20–21, 47–49
  • purpose of 38
  • reasons for 49–51
  • risk allocation 45–49, 50
  • use of 53
  • good faith
  • Egypt 134
  • Ethiopia 165
  • Jordan 196, 200
  • South Africa 304–306, 315
  • Zambia 417–418
  • governing law of the contract
  • Angola 90–91
  • Egypt 115–120, 135–136
  • Ethiopia 159–160, 162–163
  • Jordan 190–191
  • Kenya 219–221, 226–227
  • Nigeria 255–259, 271–273
  • South Africa 302–304
  • Türkiye 338–339, 344
  • United Arab Emirates 363–365, 370–371
  • Zambia 402–403, 412
  • government procurement see 2031procurement, public
  • Green Book 16, 43
  • gross negligence 191, 192
  • ground risks, allocation of 92–93
  • Hague Principles 56
  • hardship 32
  • Head Contract 3
  • health and safety 22
  • Egypt 113
  • Ethiopia 149
  • Jordan 196
  • Kenya 216
  • Türkiye 336–337
  • House of People's Representatives (HPR) 145
  • Imperial Highway Authority (IHA) 156
  • implied terms
  • Egypt 140
  • Kenya 220
  • income tax 64, 173
  • indirect or consequential loss or damage 66, 315
  • information and communication technology (ICT) 146–147
  • information technology (IT) 329
  • Infrastructure Action Plan (IAP) 238
  • Infrastructure Concession and Regulatory Commission (ICRC) 238
  • innovation
  • Egypt 108
  • Ethiopia 151
  • Jordan 176–177
  • Kenya 212
  • Türkiye 329–330
  • United Arab Emirates 356
  • Zambia 392
  • in rem claims 26
  • insolvency
  • Egypt 137
  • Ethiopia 163
  • Jordan 197, 198
  • Kenya 227
  • Nigeria 272, 276
  • South Africa 310
  • United Arab Emirates 370
  • Zambia 412
  • Institute of Civil Engineers (ICE) 244
  • Instituto Nacional de Estatística (INE) 88
  • Instituto Regulador da Construção Civil e Obras Públicas (IRCCOP) 80
  • insurance
  • Angola 85
  • by contractor 24
  • Egypt 109
  • Ethiopia 154
  • Jordan 177–178
  • Kenya 213, 224
  • Nigeria 244
  • Türkiye 331
  • United Arab Emirates 357
  • Zambia 395
  • intellectual property
  • Jordan 176
  • Nigeria 265–266
  • Interim Payment Certificate (IPC) 259
  • International Centre for Dispute Resolution (ICDR) 180
  • International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) 180, 266
  • international construction contract 11
  • international conventions and agreements, country accessions to 34–38
  • International Labour Organization (ILO) 149, 252
  • International Monetary Fund (IMF) 111
  • interpretation see 1384
  • ipso facto 133
  • Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) 17
  • documents, availability of 18, 47
  • FIDIC Golden Principles, and 47–48
  • JICA see 1761
  • joint and several liability 64, 376
  • Joint Contracts Tribunal (JCT) 244
  • Jordan
  • applicable legislation 198–200
  • common forms of contract 178–179
  • constitutional structure 170
  • construction industry overview 171–183
  • court system 171
  • COVID-19 183–189
  • dispute resolution 179–183
  • governing law of the contract 190–191
  • government/private sector procurement 177
  • insurance requirements 177–178
  • labour relations 174–175
  • legal system 170–171
  • licensing/registration 173–174
  • modular construction 176
  • Particular Conditions 191–197
  • safety culture 175–176
  • Special Provisions 191–197
  • technology/innovation/BIM 176–177
  • Jordanian Construction Contractors Association (JCCA) 172
  • Kenya
  • applicable legislation 226–231
  • common forms of contract 213–215
  • constitutional structure 206–207
  • construction industry overview 209–215
  • court system 208–209
  • COVID-19 215–219
  • governing law of the contract 219–221, 226–227
  • government/private sector procurement 212–213
  • insurance requirements 213
  • labour relations 211
  • legal system 207–208
  • licensing of Contractors 210–211
  • modular construction 212
  • Particular Conditions 221–226
  • safety culture 211–212
  • Special Provisions 221–226
  • technology/innovation/BIM 212
  • Kenya Civil Aviation Authority (KCAA) 217
  • Kigali International Arbitration Centre (KIAC) 412
  • labour laws
  • Angola 94–95
  • Egypt 106
  • Ethiopia 149
  • Jordan 174–175
  • Kenya 211
  • Nigeria 240–241
  • Türkiye 327–328
  • United Arab Emirates (UAE) 354–355
  • law of the forum 26
  • Law on Voluntary Arbitration (LAV) 78
  • Legal Affairs Department of the Government of Dubai (LAD) 368
  • legal system
  • Angola 77–78
  • Egypt 101–102
  • Ethiopia 144
  • Jordan 170–171
  • Kenya 207–208
  • Nigeria 236–237
  • South Africa 284
  • Türkiye 320
  • United Arab Emirates 349–350
  • Zambia 381–382
  • see also civil law; common law
  • legislation see 1210
  • lex arbitrii (curial law) 26, 59, 426
  • lex causae 114, 116
  • lex constructionis 11–15
  • concept 11–12
  • principles of 13
  • promotion of best practice for successful projects 12–13
  • lex fori 26
  • lex loci rei sitae 26
  • liability 64, 66
  • Angola 96, 97
  • cessation of 192
  • contractual 121, 303
  • decennial 366
  • defects 82, 84, 86, 91, 138, 192–194, 276, 343, 366–367, 407
  • Egypt 137
  • Employer's, cessation of 192
  • Ethiopia 163
  • insurance 85, 178, 193, 331
  • Jordan 191–194
  • limitations of 66, 84, 120, 122, 131, 191–192, 315, 367, 420
  • Nigeria 272, 277
  • nuisance, for 97
  • South Africa 315
  • Türkiye 343
  • United Arab Emirates 366–367, 369, 376
  • Zambia 420limitation periods;proportionate liability
  • licensing of Contractors
  • Angola 80–81
  • Egypt 105–106
  • Ethiopia 147–149
  • Jordan 173–174
  • Kenya 210–211
  • Nigeria 239–240
  • Türkiye 322–326
  • United Arab Emirates 352–354
  • Zambia 389–390
  • limitation periods
  • Angola 97
  • Egypt 137, 139
  • Ethiopia 163, 165
  • Jordan 198, 200
  • Kenya 227, 228
  • Nigeria 267–269, 272, 277
  • South Africa 310, 312, 314
  • United Arab Emirates 367
  • Zambia 412, 415, 420
  • limited liability company (LLC) 210
  • liquidated damages
  • Egypt 129–131, 135
  • South Africa 308
  • Turkish 340
  • United Arab Emirates 366, 376
  • liquidation
  • Egypt 137
  • Ethiopia 163
  • Jordan 197, 198
  • Kenya 227
  • Nigeria 272, 276
  • South Africa 310
  • United Arab Emirates 370
  • Zambia 412
  • litigation
  • Türkiye 332
  • Zambia 396
  • Local Content Law (LCL) 85
  • local labour see 1807
  • local law and custom
  • contract interpretation see 1384
  • locatio conductio operis 316
  • lois de police 118
  • London Court of International Arbitration (LCIA) 180, 359
  • loss, indirect or consequential 66, 315
  • lump sum contracts 197
  • mandament van spolie 306
  • mandatory law 21
  • Materials
  • ownership of 23, 67, 164, 201–202, 276, 307–308, 315
  • surplus Materials, sale of 95, 202, 262–263
  • MDBs see 1930
  • micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) 395
  • Ministry of Infrastructure, Housing and Urban Development (MIHUD) 389
  • Ministry of Public Works and Housing (MPWH) 178
  • Ministry of Urban Development, Housing and Construction (MUDHCo) 158
  • Ministry of Work and Urban Development (MoWUD) 156
  • Ministry of Work and Urban Development Standard Conditions of Contract for Construction of Civil Work Projects 1994 (MoWUD 1994) 156
  • misrepresentation
  • Jordan 192
  • South Africa 307
  • Zambia 417
  • moral rights
  • Angola 96
  • Egypt 138
  • Ethiopia 164
  • Jordan 199
  • Nigeria 273
  • South Africa 311
  • Zambia 413
  • Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) 245
  • Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs), FIDIC contracts usage 17
  • Muqawala 364, 365
  • national competitive bidding (NCB) 148
  • National Concessionaire Angolan Agency for Petroleum, Gas and Biofuels (ANPG) 85
  • National Construction Authority (NCA) 209
  • National Council for Construction (NCC) 389
  • National Council of Public Procurement (NCPP) 242
  • National Housing Authority (NHA) 389
  • National Housing Corporation (NHC) 212
  • National Precast Concrete Association (NPCA) 150
  • natural justice (amiable compositeur) 403
  • negligence see 1695
  • Nigeria
  • applicable legislation 271–277
  • ‘claims’ and disputes 267–269
  • common forms of contract 244–245
  • constitutional structure 235–236
  • construction industry overview 237–249
  • court system 237
  • COVID-19 250–255
  • current challenges 248–249
  • dispute resolution 245–248
  • governing law of the contract 255–259, 271–273
  • insurance requirements 244
  • labour relations 240–241
  • legal system 236–237
  • licensing/registration 239–240
  • limitation period 277
  • modular construction 241–242
  • Particular Conditions 259–270
  • procurement 242–244
  • safety culture 241
  • Special Provisions 259–270
  • Nigeria Midstream and Downstream Petroleum Regulatory Authority (NMDPRA) 251
  • Nigerian Institute of Architects (NIA) 240
  • Nigerian Institute of Building (NIOB) 240
  • Nigerian Institute of Quantity Surveyors (NIQS) 240
  • Nigerian Society of Engineers (NSE) 240
  • Nigeria Sovereign Investment Authority (NSIA) 238
  • Nigeria Upstream Petroleum Regulatory Commission (NUPRC) 251
  • non-mandatory law 21, 34, 224
  • Notice of Dissatisfaction (NOD) 267
  • occupational safety and health (OSH) 241
  • Open International Bidding (OIB) 393
  • Open National Bidding (ONB) 393
  • operation of contract 137
  • Orange Book 1995 16, 423
  • ordre public 8, 57, 91, 118
  • Ouagadougou Arbitration and Mediation and Conciliation Centre (OAMCC) 412
  • pacta sunt servanda 9
  • Particular Conditions
  • agreement to arbitrate, governing law as to 58–59
  • choice of law 57
  • Contract Data 19–20
  • format of 68–69
  • General Conditions and 20
  • governing law of the contract 24–25
  • Part A – Contract Data 19–20
  • Part B – Special Provisions 20
  • preparation of 56–69
  • reasons for 47
  • Special Provisions 20, 60–61
  • Particular Conditions (PCs) 48
  • Particular Conditions, desirable Special Provisions in
  • Angola 94–95
  • Egypt 134–135
  • Jordan 196–197
  • Kenya 224–226
  • Nigeria 267–270
  • South Africa 310
  • Türkiye 341–344
  • United Arab Emirates 369–370
  • Zambia 411–412
  • Particular Conditions, necessary Special Provisions in
  • Angola 92–94
  • Egypt 120–134
  • Ethiopia 160–162
  • Jordan 191–195
  • Kenya 221–224
  • Nigeria 259–267
  • South Africa 304–309
  • Türkiye 339–341
  • United Arab Emirates 336–369
  • Zambia 403–411
  • payments
  • claims for 316
  • final 407
  • interim 316
  • security of see 2073
  • performance security 260–261
  • personal protective equipment (PPE) 33, 251
  • PI insurance 178
  • Pink Book 16
  • Plant
  • ownership of 23, 201–202, 307–308, 315
  • PPP see 522
  • Prefabricated Building Parts Production Enterprise (PBPPE) 150
  • price see 1420
  • Private Investment Project (PIP) 81
  • private procurement see 372private
  • procurement, private
  • Ethiopia 153
  • Nigeria 243–244
  • Türkiye 330
  • procurement, public 82–83
  • Nigeria 242–243
  • Türkiye 330–331
  • project requirements, Special Provisions 64–66
  • proper law see 1279
  • proper law of the contract 9–11
  • proportionate liability 376
  • Public Contracts Law (PCL) 77
  • public policy (ordre public)
  • civil law 8
  • freedom of contract 7–10
  • mandatory law 21
  • proper law of the Contract 10
  • Public Private Partnership (PPP) 15, 214, 238
  • Public Procurement Agency (PPA) 147
  • Public Procurement Agency Standard Conditions of Construction Contract 2011 147, 154, 155, 156, 161, 162
  • Public Procurement and Asset Disposal Act No. 33 of 2015 (PPADA Act) 213
  • Public Procurement Oversight Authority (PPOA) 213
  • Public Procurement Regulatory Authority (PPRA) 213
  • Quantity Surveyors Registration Board (QSRB) 390
  • Quantity Surveyors Registration Board of Nigeria (QSRBN) 240
  • rainbow suite 17, 19
  • rebus sic stantibus 13
  • reckless misconduct 191
  • Red Book 1977 16, 423
  • Red Book 1987 16, 110, 125, 423
  • Red Book 1999 16, 17, 51, 110, 113, 121, 123, 125, 126, 128, 129, 178, 244, 358, 423
  • Red Book 2017 16, 19, 161, 195, 301, 369, 423
  • Response Tracker 27
  • Retention Money 67, 96, 137, 163, 198, 227, 271
  • risk
  • Golden Principles 45–49, 50
  • ground risks, allocation of 92–93
  • JICA 18, 47
  • Road Development Agency (RDA) 389
  • Rome I 8, 58
  • safety see 1700
  • scope of work, variation of see 2196
  • security of payment 4
  • separability see 1515
  • Serviço Nacional de Contratação Pública (SNCP) 83
  • Silver Book 1999 16, 51, 178, 244, 358, 423
  • Silver Book 2017 16, 423
  • order of precedence of documents 19
  • Small Claims Court (SCC) 383
  • Small Enterprise Financing Agency (SEFA) 299
  • South Africa
  • applicable legislation 310–314
  • constitutional structure 283
  • construction industry overview 286–297
  • court system 285–286
  • COVID-19 298–302
  • governing law of the contract 302–304
  • legal system 284
  • Particular Conditions 304–310
  • Special Provisions 304–310
  • South African Institution of Civil Engineering (SAICE) 294
  • South African Special Risk Insurance Association (SASRIA) 293
  • Special Conditions of Contract (SCC) 161
  • Special Provisions see 1981
  • stamp duty 19
  • Standard Bidding Documents (SBDs) 17
  • stare decisis 5
  • statute of limitations see 1869
  • STD (standard tender documents) 214
  • stringency index 27–30
  • Subcontractors
  • Angola 94
  • Kenya 225
  • Subordinate Courts 383–384
  • surplus Materials, sale of
  • Angola 95
  • Jordan 202
  • Nigeria 262–263
  • Surveyors Registration Council of Nigeria (SRCN) 240
  • Task Group 15 (TG15) 47
  • taxation
  • income tax 64
  • stamp duty 18
  • Technical Committee 173
  • technology
  • Egypt 108
  • Ethiopia 151
  • Jordan 176–177
  • Kenya 212
  • Türkiye 329–330
  • United Arab Emirates 356
  • Zambia 392
  • Temporary Works, sale of
  • Angola 95
  • Jordan 202
  • Nigeria 262–264
  • tenders 20, 55, 81, 83, 124, 129, 153, 155, 213, 221, 331, 388, 392
  • termination
  • Angola 96
  • by Contractor 24
  • Egypt 137, 138
  • Ethiopia 163
  • ipso facto 133
  • Jordan 198, 199
  • Kenya 226
  • Nigeria 276
  • South Africa 309, 310
  • Türkiye 345
  • United Arab Emirates 368
  • testing apparatus, equipment and instruments, calibration of 164, 275, 312, 414
  • third parties 85, 92, 109, 147, 263, 266
  • time
  • extension of time (EOT) clauses 32, 218, 279, 301, 302, 400
  • time bars
  • Angola 93–94
  • Egypt 120–123, 134–135
  • Jordan 200–201
  • Türkiye
  • applicable legislation 344–345
  • common forms of contract 331–332
  • constitutional structure 320
  • construction industry overview 321–336
  • court system 320–321
  • COVID-19 336–338
  • current challenges 334–335
  • dispute resolution 332–334
  • governing law of the contract 338–339, 344
  • government/private sector procurement 330–331
  • insurance requirements 331
  • labour relations 327–328
  • legal system 320
  • licensing/registration 322–326
  • modular construction 329
  • Particular Conditions 339–344
  • safety culture 328
  • Special Provisions 339–344
  • technology/innovation/BIM 329–330
  • Underground Works 16, 43
  • unfair contract terms 417
  • UNIDROIT 8–9, 14, 36, 58
  • Union 348
  • United Arab Emirates (UAE)
  • applicable legislation 370–375
  • common forms of contract 358
  • constitutional structure 348–349
  • construction industry overview 352–360
  • court system 350–352
  • COVID-19 360–363
  • current challenges 359–360
  • dispute resolution 358–359
  • governing law of the contract 363–365, 370–371
  • government/private sector procurement 356–357
  • insurance requirements 357
  • labour relations 354–355
  • legal system 349–350
  • licensing/registration 352–354
  • liquidated damages 376
  • modular construction 356
  • notice provisions 375–376
  • Particular Conditions 366–370
  • proportionate liability 376
  • safety culture 355–356
  • Special Provisions 366–370
  • suspension 376
  • technology/innovation/BIM 356
  • Variations
  • Ethiopia 161
  • Jordan 195
  • Kenya 222–223
  • valuation of Variations 195
  • Zambia 405
  • vis major 299, 300
  • worker and workplace safety see 1700
  • World Health Organization (WHO) 88, 360
  • World Trade Organisation (WTO) 37
  • wreckage, sale of
  • Angola 95
  • Jordan 202
  • Nigeria 262–263
  • WTO Agreement on Government Procurement, country accessions to 36–37
  • WTO GPA 37
  • Yellow Book 1987 16, 423
  • Yellow Book 1999 16, 51, 178, 244, 340, 358, 423
  • Yellow Book 2017 16, 22, 24, 55, 70, 225, 423
  • applicable law 19–20
  • Contract Data 70
  • order of precedence of documents 19
  • Zambia
  • applicable legislation 412–417
  • constitutional structure 381
  • construction industry overview 387–398
  • court system 382–387
  • COVID-19 398–402
  • current challenges 398
  • dispute resolution 396–398
  • forms of contract 395–396
  • good faith 417–418
  • governing law of the contract 402–403, 412
  • government procurement 392–395
  • insurance requirements 395
  • labour relations 390
  • legal system 381–382
  • licensing/registration 389–390
  • modular construction 391–392
  • Particular Conditions 403–412
  • safety culture 391
  • Special Provisions 403–412
  • technology/innovation/BIM 392
  • Zambia Development Agency (ZDA) 394
  • Zambia Institute of Architects (ZIA) 390
  • Zambia Institute of Planners (ZIP) 390
  • Zambia Public Procurement Authority (ZPPA) 392

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